Pengaruh Pemberian Fungisida Mancozeb Terhadap Teknik Sterilisasi Tanaman Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) Secara In Vitro

Sari

Stevia is known as a natural sweetener plant originating from the highlands of Parguay usually referred to as "the sweet herb of Paraguay". Stevia leaves can produce 70-400 times the sweetness of sugar cane. Stevia propagation can be done by using tissue culture techniques (in vitro). The initial factor which determines the success of propagation in vitro is using explants which are free from contamination. One of the efforts that can be done with fungicide Mancozeb in the sterilization of explants can help to reduce contamination of the explants. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving fungicide with the active ingredient Mancozeb on the explant sterilization technique of Stevia and to determine the optimal fungicide concentration for the explant sterilization technique of Stevia. This research was an experimental study with a quantitative descriptive analysis method, based on factorial completely randomized design (CRD), it consisted of 6 treatment combinations, V1A0 (soaked with fungicide 0 g/L), V1A1 (soaked with fungicide 1 g/L), V1A2 (soaked in fungicide 2.5 gr/L), V2A0 (sprayed with a fungicide 0 gr/L), V2A1 (sprayed with a fungicide 1gr/L), V2A2 (sprayed with a fungicide 2.5 g/L) and repeated 4 times. The results showed that V1A2 treatment had the highest percentage of live explants at 50%, followed by V1A1 treatment at 25% and V2A2 treatment at 12.5%. While in V1A0, V2A0 and V2A1 had the highest risk of contamination up to 100% and 75% for browning explants in V2A1 treatment which could cause death. Thus, the immersion V1A2 treatment with 2.5 gr/L of Fungicide was a treatment which had a good effect on live explants, level and type of contamination, contaminant growth time and browning.