Optimasi Teknik Sterilisasi Fungisida Benstar dan Dithane M-45 terhadap Kultur Jaringan Tanaman Akasia (Acacia crassicarpa) secara In Vitro

Sari

Acacia is a type of plant that is prospective to be developed in industrial forest plantations and is planted by more than 80 countries including Indonesia. Acacia plants can be propagated by means of In vitro techniques. Efforts that can reduce the occurrence of contamination are sterilization using fungicides. Benstar and Dithane fungicides are effective fungicides against pathogenic fungi for sterilization of Acacia plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the best method of sterilization of acacia plants by using several types of in vitro sterilization. This research is experimental with quantitative descriptive analysis method, based on factorial RAL (Completely Randomized Design) consisting of 4 combinations. The first factor is Benstar fungicide V1A0 (Acacia seeds soaked in Fungicide 0 gr/50ml), V1A1 (Acacia seeds soaked in Fungicide 0.05 gr/50ml), V1A2 (Acacia seeds soaked in Fungicide 0.1 gr/50ml), V1A3 (Acacia seeds soaked in fungicide 0.15 gr/50ml). The second factor was the fungicide treatment of Dithane M-45 V2A0 (Acacia seeds soaked in Fungicide 0 gr/50ml), V2A1 (Acacia seeds soaked in Fungicide 0.05 gr/50ml), V2A2 (Acacia seeds soaked in Fungicide 0.1 gr/50ml), V2A3 ( Acacia seeds were soaked in fungicide 0.15 gr/50ml) and repeated 6 times. The results showed that the highest percentage of live explants was treated by V2A1 at 52% and V2A2 at 40%. The highest percentage level of contamination was in the V1A0 treatment as much as 72% and the V2A0 treatment as much as 44% which caused damage and death to acacia plants. So that the fungicide immersion treatment of Dhitane M-45 0.05gr/50ml was better in the use of the sterilization technique on the growth of Axia plant explants. This research was carried out in a tissue culture laboratory. The variables tested in this study were how many plants were able to survive against fungi and bacteria.